Journal of Physical & Chemical Research

Techno-economic analysis of a thermodynamic solar power plant based on molten salts in different sites in Algeria

2023-12-03T21:00:30+01:00

The use of renewable energies is one of the solutions to reduce CO 2 in the
atmosphere and to satisfy our energy needs. Because, the exploitation of
fossil energies such as carbon, gas and oil are responsible for the
disruption of the climate system and the considerable increase of the
temperature during the year and especially during the summer season as
well as the atmospheric pollution.Algeria is one of the countries that is
committed to this strategy and policy. This study presents a numerical
simulation of a concentrated solar power plant with Fresnel mirror solar
concentrator and thermal storage system. This study is carried out in the
regions of Tamanrasset, Laghouat and Mascara. The SAM (System
Advisor Model) software was used to calculate the DNI (Direct Normal
Irradiation) of each region, the wind speed, the nominal and real LCOE
(Levelized Cost Of Electricity) and the annual water consumption of the
plant. The results of this simulation show that the Tamanrasset site is
better selected with the annual capacity factor (CF) was 47.2%, the annual
amount of water consumed is about 38709 m 3 . The nominal and real
(LCOE) are 14.57 ¢/kWh and 11.56 ¢/kWh, respectively.

Optimal design of solar energy-based hydrogen refueling station: a case study of Touggourt, Algeria

2023-12-03T21:07:44+01:00

Carbon production is growing globally, with energy-related carbon
emissions accounting for two-thirds of global emissions. Generating
carbon-neutral hydrogen from renewable energy is a significant
achievement toward a circular economy in this industry. Hydrogen can
contribute to reducing gas emissions in the future decades, not just as a
potential technology for the future but as a successful technology already
being implemented globally. Hydrogen is required for the clean
transportation sector and multiple different industrial applications.
However, the high cost of clean hydrogen production reduces the rapid
development of renewable energy projects established on hydrogen
production. So, optimizing design is required to choose the optimum
solutions for clean hydrogen production. In this context, this short paper
aims to investigate a techno-economic optimization of a hydrogen
refueling station with a 262 kg/day capacity in Touggourt City, Algeria
(latitude of 33° 6.3' N and the longitude of 6° 4.0' E), based on
photovoltaic energy resources. The paper analyses the configuration of a

stand-alone PV system with batteries. The analysis of this arrangement is
based on the solar potential at the site, costs of various equipment,
electrical load, and hydrogen load. Thus, the study aims to identify the
optimized capacity of PV arrays, electrolyzers, batteries, power
converters, and hydrogen tanks.

Evolution with temperature of point defects concentration in Fe2ZrX ( X=V, Y, Tc, Ru ): DFT and Wagner-Schottky modeling

2023-12-04T08:44:09+01:00

The evolution with temperature of the point defect concentration in the
cubic C15-ZrFe 2 Laves phase was investigated in the presence of several
ternary additions X (X=V, Y, Tc, Ru). The heats of formation of the
different point defects were carried out at 0K by means of DFT
calculations. The Wagner-Schottky Model, based on substitutional and
interstitial sublattices configuration within the canonical ensemble, was
applied to investigate temperature effects on the defect concentration. The
main results show a strong dependency of the C15-Fe 2 Zr stability on the
point defect type. Energetically, the Ru Fe antisite is the most stable defect
at low temperatures (0 K), whereas the Va Fe , Va Zr , and Y Fe are the least
stable ones. At finite temperatures, it was found that antisites are the
dominant constitutional defects on both sides of stoichiometry in the C15-
ZrFe 2 compound.

Contribution à l'étude du nettoyage des panneaux photovoltaïques par procédé électrostatique

2023-12-04T08:48:56+01:00

Le but de cette étude est d'examiner l'utilisation d'un vent électrique
généré par une décharge couronne à deux électrodes pour nettoyer les
panneaux photovoltaïques de la poussière. La première électrode est un fil
alimenté par la haute tension continue négative allant jusqu'à 30 kV,
tandis que la seconde est reliée à la terre. Le dispositif permet de générer
un vent ionique et se déplacer sur toute la surface du panneau en nettoyant
la poussière. L'alimentation de l'actionneur de nettoyage à décharge
couronne est assurée par la cellule photovoltaïque elle-même, et le
nettoyage électrostatique par décharge couronne peut atteindre un taux de
nettoyage de 90 % et améliorer l'efficacité des panneaux photovoltaïques.
Cette technologie offre l'avantage d'un nettoyage à sec par des
phénomènes électrostatiques et à tout moment, avec une faible
consommation d'énergie, le courant étant pratiquement nul, de l'ordre des
micro-ampères.

Acoustic characterization of superconductor material Pr123

2023-12-04T08:54:07+01:00

Our study consisted in the characterization of the superconducting
material Pr123 using the acoustic method and the non destructive testing
(NDT). Our work was performed at high working frequency of 600MHz.
We studied the superconducting bulk system with the use of a coupling
fluid to obtain propagation modes. The determination of these modes
according to the Brekhovskikh model and the modeling of the reflection
coefficient R(θ) and the acoustic signature V(z), allows us to determine
the moduli of elasticity of the studied superconducting material: Young’s
modulus (E) and shear modulus (G) in order to determine the critical
angles: longitudinal (θ L ), transverse (θ T ) and Rayleigh critical angle (θ R )
which correspond respectively to the longitudinal acoustic wave, the
transverse acoustic wave and the Rayleigh acoustic wave propagating in
the superconducting material Pr123.

DFT study of the electronic and optical properties of ternary alkali metal tetrafluoridobromates materials ABrF 4 (A=Na, K and Rb)

2023-12-04T09:01:11+01:00

This work deals with a theoretical investigation of structural, electronic,
and optical properties of alkali metal tetrafluoridobromates materials that
crystallize in tetragonal structure (NaBrF 4 , KBrF 4 , and RbBrF 4 ) using the
Density Functional Theory (DFT) within the pseudo-potential plane-wave
approach as implemented in Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package
(CASTEP) code. The structural parameters are in good agreement
compared to the experimental values stated in the literature. The
calculated electronic properties indicate that these ternary compounds are
wide bandgap semiconductor materials. NaBrF 4 is a semiconductor
compound with a direct band gap, whereas, KBrF 4 and RbBrF 4 are
semiconductors compounds together with an indirect band gap. The main
optical parameters are studied in detail. The large optical absorption range
in the ultraviolet (UV) region suggests that these semiconductor materials
could be helpful for specific implementations in UV optoelectronic
devices; therefore, this theoretical investigation is probable to motivate
future experimental works.

L 1 sub-shell fluorescence yield for lanthanide elements with 58≤ Z≤ 71

2023-12-04T09:12:47+01:00

The lanthanides comprise the largest naturally occurring group in the
periodic table, the "rare earth elements" which group the fourteen
elements from 58Ce to 71Lu, which are also electropositive and
reactive metals, except for yttrium. The researchers used these
elements and calculated the yield of fluorescence (ω L1 ) by theoretical,
experimental and analytical methods due to the large number of their
applications in various fields of physical chemistry and medical

research. In the present work, all the experimental L 1 sub-shell
fluorescence yields taken from distinctive sources are studied. A
detailed analysis of these data, and a table with weighted average values
(ω L1W ) of these parameters are presented. New recommended values (ω WR ) are
obtained dividing the experimental ratios (ω exp ) by the weighted ratios
(ω W ) and removing out-of-range values (less than 0.8 or greater than
1.2). At that point, new values of average fluorescence yields were
deduced using an interpolation that involves the well-known analytical
function as function of the atomic number Z, and then semi-empirical
data were deduced by fitting the ratio , for the three shells. A
comparison was made with other theoretical, experimental, and
empirical values reported in the literature. An evident correlation was
observed between our result and other works.

Agricultural Applications of Nanocomposites Superabsorbent Polymers: A Review

2023-12-04T09:04:04+01:00

A superabsorbent polymer (SAP) can absorb large quantities of water. Hydrophilic materials are
known as superabsorbent materials because they can absorb large amounts of aqueous fluid and
desorb it under stress. One of the most critical parameters that limit the usefulness of SAP is its
absorption capacity. Superabsorbent polymers can be used for water management and to renew
arid and desert environments. This review demonstrates that superabsorbent materials can be
beneficial to agriculture and the environment by reducing irrigation water consumption,
improving fertilizer retention time in soil, decreasing plant mortality, and increasing plant
growth. Nanotechnology could play a role in preparing superabsorbent nanocomposite materials
by employing superabsorbent polymers. This article introduces superabsorbent/clay
nanocomposites and the mechanochemical synthesis approach which are convenient and useful
types of superabsorbent nanocomposites.

Thermal/optical study and characterization of a MCP doped with In2O3 and AlCl3 for solar use

2023-12-04T09:07:28+01:00

Thermal insulation is one of the major problems of building comfort. One
of the solutions proposed is the use of the latent heat of phase change
materials to evacuate the external heat in order to keep it at an adequate
temperature in the chamber. In this work, we use the latent heat of a MCP
type C 25 H 52 pure and doped with two types of dopant In 2 O 3 and AlCl 3 for
the climatic application. We study the effect of dopant nature and doping
rate on phase change time, latent heat and mass loss. To improve this time
we doped our material with In 2 O 3 , and AlCl 3 . The study consists in
monitoring the evolution of the phase change time, the flow of the latent
heat and the loss of the mass according to the nature of the dopant and the
doping rate. A study of the DSC, ATG, FTIR and PL characterization is
presented. The study showed that the best dopant for solar insulation is
AlCl 3 doping.